About Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Carpal tunnel syndrome can be caused by injury, sprain or fracture, or repetitive use of a vibrating tool. The median nerve passes through the carpal tunnel in your wrist. In case of pressure to the median nerve, this syndrome can be caused.
What is carpal tunnel release surgery?
Carpal tunnel release surgery is a medical procedure used to treat and potentially alleviate the painful condition known as carpal tunnel syndrome. This syndrome is a common disorder caused by the compression of the median nerve in the wrist, leading to symptoms such as pain, numbness, and sometimes even disability of the hands.
The median nerve and tendons that allow your fingers to move pass through a narrow passageway in the wrist are called the carpal tunnel. This tunnel is formed by the wrist bones on the bottom and the transverse carpal ligament across the top (or inside) of the wrist. When the tissues within this tunnel swell due to injury or other factors, they can press on the median nerve, causing the aforementioned symptoms.
Carpal tunnel syndrome can be caused by a variety of factors. It was once believed to be caused solely by an overuse injury or repetitive motion done by the wrist or hand, often at work. However, it’s now understood that while these factors can contribute, there are other elements involved as well. These include congenital predisposition, injury such as a sprain or fracture, repetitive use of a vibrating tool, and conditions like pregnancy, diabetes, thyroid disease, and rheumatoid arthritis.
In a carpal tunnel release surgery, the surgeon cuts through the ligament that is pressing down on the carpal tunnel. This action creates more room for the median nerve and tendons to pass through the tunnel, which usually improves pain and function. The surgery can be performed as an open surgery or a minimally invasive endoscopic surgery. The choice between these two methods depends on various factors, including the complexity of the surgery, surgeon/patient preference, and the potential for complications.
Carpal tunnel release surgery is typically recommended when non-surgical interventions for carpal tunnel syndrome, such as over-the-counter pain medicines, physical therapy, changes to work equipment, wrist splints, and steroid injections, do not relieve the pain.
Why might I need carpal tunnel surgery?
Carpal tunnel surgery might be necessary when you’re experiencing persistent and severe symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome that non-surgical treatments fail to alleviate.
Non-surgical treatments for carpal tunnel syndrome include over-the-counter pain medicines, physical therapy, changes to work equipment, wrist splints, and steroid injections in the wrist. However, if these interventions don’t relieve the pain, or if the symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome have lasted a prolonged period with no relief, surgery might be recommended.
Another reason for considering surgery is when the muscles of the hands or wrists are weakening and actually getting smaller due to severe pinching of the median nerve. Over time, carpal tunnel syndrome can weaken the muscles of your hands and wrists3. If symptoms persist for too long, the condition can keep getting worse. In such cases, surgery might be suggested to prevent further deterioration and to restore function.
A diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome confirmed by an electromyography and nerve conduction test of the median nerve is another reason to consider surgery. This test helps determine the severity of the nerve damage and can guide the decision for surgery.
How is Carpal Tunnel Release performed?
During the surgery, your transverse carpal ligament is cut, which will release pressure on the median nerve, relieving the symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome. An open carpal tunnel release surgery is done under local anesthesia, but patients will go home on the same day.