About Gynecomastia
Typically, the imbalance of estrogen and androgen hormones causes gynecomastia. In case the male body produces too much estrogen (hormone controlling breast growth), or they have low testosterone, it may cause breast enlargement. Obesity may also cause breasts to enlarge due to the excess fatty tissue. These diseases and medical conditions may also cause gynecomastia:
What is Gynecomastia?
Gynecomastia is a medical condition characterized by the enlargement of breast tissue in males. It can affect one or both breasts, sometimes unevenly. This condition is caused by an imbalance between the hormones estrogen and testosterone. While testosterone controls traits such as muscle mass and body hair, estrogen controls traits that include the growth of breasts. When the balance of these hormones is disrupted, it can lead to the development of gynecomastia.
Gynecomastia can occur at any age, but it is most common during puberty and in older men. More than half of male babies are born with enlarged breasts due to the effects of their mother’s estrogen. During puberty, hormonal changes can cause gynecomastia, which usually resolves on its own within six months to two years. In older men, especially those between the ages of 50 and 80, gynecomastia is also common.
Symptoms of gynecomastia include swollen breast tissue, breast tenderness, pain along with swelling, and nipple discharge. The first sign of gynecomastia may be a lump of fatty tissue under the nipple, which can sometimes be tender or sore. Swelling of the breasts may happen unevenly, with one becoming larger than the other.
Various factors can trigger gynecomastia, including natural hormone changes, certain medications, and health conditions such as hypogonadism, hyperthyroidism, tumors, kidney failure, liver failure, and cirrhosis. Illegal drugs, including anabolic steroids, marijuana, and heroin, can also cause gynecomastia.
While gynecomastia is not a serious problem, it can cause emotional or psychological distress due to a changed physical appearance. In most cases, gynecomastia doesn’t require treatment, but if it causes significant discomfort or distress, treatment options such as medication or surgery may be considered.
Type of Gynecomastia
Gynecomastia, a condition characterized by the enlargement of breast tissue in males, can present itself in various forms. Understanding the different types of gynecomastia can help individuals better comprehend their condition and seek appropriate treatment.
Puffy Nipple Gynecomastia: The most common form of gynecomastia. This type is characterized by a small amount of glandular tissue accumulation located under the areola, causing the nipple to appear puffy or dome-shaped.
Pure Glandular Gynecomastia: This is common in bodybuilders and athletes who use anabolic steroids. It's caused by the growth of glandular tissue resulting from an imbalance of the hormones estrogen and testosterone.
Adult Gynecomastia: This is a type that occurs in adulthood due to normal changes in hormone levels, though it can also be related to certain medical conditions or the use of certain drugs.
Adolescent Gynecomastia: This is temporary and affects up to 70% of boys during puberty. It usually resolves on its own within one to two years without treatment.
Congenital Gynecomastia: This is a rare type that is present at birth. It's usually hereditary and passed down from generation to generation.
Asymmetrical Gynecomastia: This occurs when one breast is larger than the other. The degree of asymmetry can vary from minor, where it's barely noticeable, to more severe cases.
Severe Gynecomastia: This is characterized by sagging and stretching of the areola. This type is typically seen in older people or those who have had significant weight loss.
Each type of gynecomastia has its own set of characteristics and potential causes, and the treatment may vary accordingly. It's important to consult with a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan.
Why do people get gynecomastia surgery?
Since excess breast tissue causes sagging and stretching, many choose this cosmetic surgery. People choose this procedure to improve how they look and increase their self-esteem. Some people choose the procedure to reduce pain and discomfort that can result from excess breast tissue.